ris3n's Apologetics Codex
Luke 23.42-43
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Passage

Luke 23.42-43

Book: Luke · ASV / WEB / KJV / YLT

Immediate context (±2 verses)

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ASV

40. But the other answered, and rebuking him said, Dost thou not even fear God, seeing thou art in the same condemnation? 41. And we indeed justly; for we receive the due reward of our deeds: but this man hath done nothing amiss.

42. And he said, Jesus, remember me when thou comest in thy kingdom. 43. And he said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, To-day shalt thou be with me in Paradise.

  1. And it was now about the sixth hour, and a darkness came over the whole land until the ninth hour, 45. the sun's light failing: and the veil of the temple was rent in the midst. (Luke 23:40-45, ASV)
WEB

40. But the other answered, and rebuking him said, “Don’t you even fear God, seeing you are under the same condemnation? 41. And we indeed justly, for we receive the due reward for our deeds, but this man has done nothing wrong.”

42. He said to Jesus, “Lord, remember me when you come into your Kingdom.” 43. Jesus said to him, “Assuredly I tell you, today you will be with me in Paradise.”

  1. It was now about the sixth hour, and darkness came over the whole land until the ninth hour. 45. The sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was torn in two. (Luke 23:40-45, WEB)
KJV

40. But the other answering rebuked him, saying, Dost not thou fear God, seeing thou art in the same condemnation? 41. And we indeed justly; for we receive the due reward of our deeds: but this man hath done nothing amiss.

42. And he said unto Jesus, Lord, remember me when thou comest into thy kingdom. 43. And Jesus said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, To day shalt thou be with me in paradise.

  1. And it was about the sixth hour, and there was a darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour. earth: or, land 45. And the sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was rent in the midst. (Luke 23:40-45, KJV)
YLT

40. And the other answering, was rebuking him, saying, 'Dost thou not even fear God, that thou art in the same judgment? 41. and we indeed righteously, for things worthy of what we did we receive back, but this one did nothing out of place;'

42. and he said to Jesus, 'Remember me, lord, when thou mayest come in thy reign;' 43. and Jesus said to him, 'Verily I say to thee, To-day with me thou shalt be in the paradise.'

  1. And it was, as it were, the sixth hour, and darkness came over all the land till the ninth hour, 45. and the sun was darkened, and the vail of the sanctuary was rent in the midst, (Luke 23:40-45, YLT)

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Setting

  • Speaker: One of the two criminals crucified with Jesus, and Jesus in reply
  • Audience: Each other, with the other criminal, the rulers and soldiers mocking nearby (23:35-39)
  • Location: The place "which is called Calvary" (23:33), outside Jerusalem
  • Time period: The day of the crucifixion, c. AD 30 or 33

Theological reading

"And he said unto Jesus, Lord, remember me when thou comest into thy kingdom. And Jesus said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, To day shalt thou be with me in paradise" (Luke 23:42-43, KJV).

A confession on a cross. Only Luke records the exchange. The second criminal rebukes the first, "we receive the due reward of our deeds: but this man hath done nothing amiss" (23:41). He admits his guilt, declares Jesus innocent, and then asks to be remembered in Jesus' kingdom, a remarkable request to make of a dying man under a sign mocking him as "King of the Jews" (23:38).

Grace with no time to earn it. The man cannot be baptized, make restitution or do a single good work. He asks; Jesus promises. The Hinduism vs the Christian God comparison uses this against the claim that one life is too short to decide eternity: grace does not depend on how long one has.

Today. The man asks to be remembered at some future coming; Jesus answers with "today." On the placement of the word, see Luke 23.43.

Paradise. Paradeisos (Strong's G3857) is a Persian loanword for a walled garden. The Greek Old Testament uses it for the garden of Eden (Genesis 2:8). Paul uses it for the place he was caught up to (2 Corinthians 12:4), and Revelation for the place of "the tree of life" (Revelation 2:7). See Justification by Faith.

Key words

Theologically-loaded Greek or Hebrew words in this verse may have entries in the lexicon. Curated to roughly 100 contested terms across the corpus, not every word.

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Why these four translations

ris3n chose ASV, WEB, KJV, and YLT for two reasons together. They are the most literal English translations available (formal-equivalence: word-for-word renderings that preserve the Hebrew and Greek grammar rather than smoothing it into modern dynamic-equivalence idiom). And they are in the public domain in the United States, which means fair-use quotation at any length requires no publisher license. Modern licensed translations (NASB95, ESV, NIV) restrict volume of quotation under their copyright terms, so they are not used at stub-level coverage here. NASB95 appears only on hand-curated rich passage hubs under Lockman Foundation's fair-use allowance.

The four:

  • ASV (American Standard Version, 1901). The basis of the modern critical-text English tradition.
  • WEB (World English Bible, contemporary). Public-domain revision in the ASV line, in current English.
  • KJV (King James Version, 1611). Reformation-era, Textus Receptus base.
  • YLT (Young's Literal Translation, Robert Young, 1862). Hyper-literal preservation of Hebrew and Greek grammar; useful for word-study work even where English reads stiff.

See Bibles for the full per-translation history, translators, textual basis, strengths, and weaknesses.